Importance of Meta Tags

Meta Tags are HTML tags which provide information to the search engines, describing the content of the webpages a user is likely to view. Search engines have recognized that website owners and administrators can use this resource to control their positioning and descriptions in search engine results. The three types of Meta tags are:• Title- The text that appears on the title bar of the web browser• Description- The quick summary of what the page is all about• Keywords- The important words on the pageMeta tags add information to the HTTP header of the page as well as contain hidden information of the coding that the Search engines are likely to pick upon.Meta tags are of great significance as they boost the overall performance of the webpage. Meta tags are useful in enhancing the placement of your webpage in various Search engines such as Yahoo, Google, and MSN thereby increasing the traffic to your site. Webmasters need to stiff a number of keywords in their Meta tags in order to improve the search engine rankings of their webpages for a particular context.Webmasters need to lay great emphasis on stuffing appropriate keywords in the header. If the keywords are absent from the header of your html code, the search engines will be unable to find your website/webpage.Choosing the right keywords for the Meta tags needs expert advice. One needs to be extremely careful while selecting the keywords for the Meta tags as they act as major factors in determining how a visitor will locate your website in the search engines. Title and Meta tag structure formation is the most important aspect and is known as the beginning of website promotion. It is very important to keep track of the number of keywords as most search engine spiders only use the information available in the title tags to locate the webpage. Using high quality Meta tags rich in keywords ensures increased traffic to your webpage.The core purpose of Meta tags is to guide the search engine spiders enabling them to reach a specific webpage. Thus, it is very important to use Meta tags and not drop them as they ensure effective Search Engine Optimization.REPRINT RIGHTS statement: This article is free for republishing by visitors provided the Author Bio box is retained as usual so that all links are Active/Linkable with no syntax changes.

Web designing--The new rage over the internet

Recently, the world of internet has been experiencing a boom that had never been seen before. For this reason, the webmasters are concentrating more and more on designing a webpage that will attract more customers and thus increase the traffic. Programmers from around the world are trying to find new ways to design webpage. However, there are still many out there who do not realize the importance of a strong web design and what a typical web design involve. In truth, web designing involve putting the concept, plans, model and it’s executing to practice over the internet. The web designing mainly comprises of designing such a website that is not only user friendly but also browser compatible. For this reason there are multiple elements available that are being used by programmers. Such elements include text, images, coding language tags etc. These elements are used to design the simplest website however, in order to design better and more sophisticated website plug-ins such as Flash, QuickTime, Java etc. are used. There are typically two types of webpage that are being designed these days. These are• Statistic pages: These types of webpage are not capable of automatic update. The webmaster or the programmer is the only person who has the access to the codes and thus they are the only ones who are able to update the website when needed.• Dynamic pages: This type of webpage are so designed that they change according to the input given by the end user. These might also change depending on the changes being made to the database by the programmer or the web master. In short, these types of websites are not dependent on the programmer. Rather these websites are so designed that they are capable of automatic updates.With the increase in demand for websites and the changes in technology used for web designing, it is very important to stay up to date with the demand. Although, this is not an easy task however, the use of the right tool will take you a long way.

HTML Present: Scaffolding for CSS

No matter what content your process of Denver web design page holds-the fishing season calendar, driving direction to the nearest IKEA, or pictures from your kid’s last birthday party it’s the page’s design that makes it look like either a professional enterprise or a part-timer’s hobby. Good design enhances the message of your site, helps visitors find what they’re looking for and determines how the rest of the world sees your web site. That’s why web designers went through the contortion described in the previous section to force HTML to look good. By taking on those design duties, css lets HTML go back to doing what it does best-structure content.Using HTML to control the look of text and other web page elements is obsolete. Don’t worry if html’s tag is too big for your taste or bulleted lists aren’t spaced just right. you can take care of take care of that later using css.instead,think of html as a method of adding structure to the content you want up on web .use html to organize your content, and css to make that content look great.Writing HTML for CSSIf you’re Colorado web design, you may need some helpful to guide your for ays into HTML .and if you’ve been building web pages for a while, then you may have picked up a few bad html –writing habits that you’re better off forgetting .the rest of this introduces you to some html writing habits that will make your mother proud-and help you get the most out of css.Think structureHTML adds meaning to text by logically dividing it and identifying the role that text plays on the page: the tag’s the most important introduction to a page’s content. Other headers let you divide upon the content into other, less important, but related sections. Just like the book you’re holding, a web page should have a logical structure.HTML provides many other tags besides headers for marking up content to identify its role on the page. Among the most popular are the tag for paragraphs of text, and the tag for creating bulleted lists. Lesser-known tags can indicate very specific types of content, like for abbreviations and for computer code.When writing HTML for css, use a tag that comes close top matching the role the content plays in the page, not the way it looks bunch of links in a navigation bar isn’t really a headline and it isn’t a regular paragraph of text. It’s most like a bulleted list of options, so the tag is a good choice. If you’re saying “but items in a bulleted list are stacked vertically one on top of the other, and I want a horizontal navigation bar where each link sits next to the pervious link,” don’t woory.with css magic you can convert a vertical list of links into a stylish horizontal navigation bar as described.

The Benefits of SEO

A look at the benefits of using good SEO on a website and the ways in which you can see how good the content on your website is to maximise it’s rankings.One of the most important things for a website to be a success is traffic. Traffic is the name for the amount of people that click into the website and take a look at it. Many websites have counters that will clock up the number of visitors that it has had so the owners and visitors can see. In order for a website to get traffic it needs to be easily accessible. One of the best ways of getting a large amount of traffic to your website is through the use of SEO. SEO otherwise known as Search Engine Optimisation is a method of using keywords and other Internet techniques in order for a website to be highly ranked when relevant words are put into a search engine.It is known that people will be more likely to click into highly ranked sites on search engine lists as they will, quite rightly in most cases, assume that the higher the ranking the more the website will meet their needs. And in order for this to happen the site must use SEO correctly. What follows are some of the benefits of SEO.•It will enable a website to be highly ranked - this is the most obvious reason for wanting to have a good search engine optimisation on your website. If a website is in the top 5 rankings on a search engine it will maximise the chances of being clicked into by visitors. No-one wants to spend time and effort going through many pages of websites to get to one that is useful to them. The Internet is meant to save people time, not make searches longer.•Your website will be easily readable and attractive to visitors – this might not seem like it is overly important, but poor SEO will result in poor content. Once you have got a visitor to your site you need to keep them interested in what is contained within it, especially if you are selling products. If a visitor does not want to read a website and stay on it they will not return.•The website will not be banned from search engines and directories. If a website is keyword stuffed and uses several other frowned upon SEO techniques, such as link farming and positioning keywords on the same coloured background or slightly off screen. Using these kind of techniques will result in a website being banned from search engines. As shown the good use of SEO on a website will make the website rank highly in search engine results and as a result will create much more traffic to that site. Without it a website will be poorly ranked and get little or no traffic to it. This is of huge importance to anyone wanting their website to be a uccess. If you are unsure about the SEO on your website then there are ways in which you can find out how good or bad it may be. Firstly you can use a search engine and see where your website ranks. This for many can be an eye opener, but you must remember to put the words that a person using a search engine might enter. Or if you would like a more in depth view of the SEO on your website you can use the services of professionals. There are many companies who, for a fee will look at how your site could improve its search engine optimisation and can also provide better content for a site. Whichever way it is looked at good SEO is the most important aspect of any website.Author bio :- Adrian McLean is responsible for Search Engine Optimisation (SEO), at the leading SEO Company in the UK, to learn more about SEO, please visit www.searchengineoptimising.com

Web design and web development article.

Web designing is a process of designing the electronic files through planning, concepts, ideas, creativity, thinking, language etc, which is delivered via internet in the form of web site. The main purpose of the web designing is to create a web site. Web site interprets the information about particular topic and website design is creation and arrangement of web pages that can be done by web development that includes but not limited to; Web Development, eCommerce, CMS, Content Management System, shopping Cart, Business Website Design, Flash Website design, business development.Main intent of designing/developing a website is to promote the business, advertising, access of online products, publishing news, giving information, education, money matters, etc…. It is important that the website must be well developed and designed, not under construction, and content must be specific and near about the particular topic, otherwise, it will not attract any visitor.So to design and develop a website, several companies of website designing can be found on the internet, but the trick here is to choose appropriate company. One of which on the internet for web designing and web development named http://www.mahiinfotech.com , is a well-established, well-experienced company, which also provides the best, qualitative, affordable services of web designing, web development, eCommerce, web, shopping cart, logo design, etc.

Everyone needs a website!

Gone are those days when only well established companies and business needed a website for marketing their products. Now the world is changed with time. Today is the era of internet and websites, everything going to be hi-tech. From communication to marketing to sharing views and a hobby, everything you can get from a single website of yours.Websites are perhaps the most overlooked vehicle of advertising for local, owner-operated businesses. Yes, every retailer needs one. Every dentist, lawyer, accountant and minister needs one. Every cafe, restaurant, coffee shop and nightclub needs one. Every wholesale supply company needs one.Compared to the more traditional advertising mediums, the Internet has potential circulation figures and coverage area that can't be matched to any other medium. Everyone listed in yesterday's Yellow Pages needs to also be available on the internet today--it's where your customers expect to find you.Every business has good reasons to have a well navigated, well structured and an appealing website. Though there's very little that can't be sold over the internet. More than 20 million shoppers are now online, purchasing everything from books to computers to cars to real estate to jet airplanes to natural gas to you names it.Even if one's business is small and nothing much to do with online customers, still the presence of a website is appreciated and advised. This will create your presence on the web so that customers, potential employees, business partners and perhaps even investors can quickly and easily find out more about your business and the products or services you have to offer. With a well-designed site, your little operation can project the image and professionalism of a much larger company. The inverse is also true.Either you're a one-man show or a 10,000-employee corporate giant; if you don't have a website, you're losing business to other companies that do. Every retailer and every manufacturer in every industry needs to have a Web site!One more popular form of website is blog. It is like an online journal. The blog owner regularly post journal entries that readers can react to in a comment section. This is in contrast to a newsletter or static website that conveys one sided information. Bloggers here can write everything from personal to professional experiences and articles. Earlier people used to write their experiences and views in their diaries. But today's generation is open to share their views on every aspect of their life style with the world through blogs. This makes them popular in the internet world easily and gives them a chance to learn from others reaction on their views. It helps to develop a thought on issues of life and to create a practical attitude towards various aspects of life.Blogging have given millions of people access to a powerful new medium—not only for publishing, but for activism, dialogue, and collaboration, opening up tremendous potential for social and political change. Speakers include leading practitioners who have helped organizations and individuals shape online strategies to engage members, move public opinion and effect change large and small. More than 75,000 new blogs are being created everyday according to surveys. Blogging forces people to rethink activism, organizing and change. Website is a tool which makes you not only active and smart in this hi-tech world but also trendy and intelligent too.So why wouldn’t you have a website. Go for it now. It’s never late for a right work to set on!REPRINT RIGHTS statement: This article is free for republishing by visitors provided the Author Bio box is retained as usual so that all links are Active/Linkable with no syntax changes.

Designing Your Site For The Search Engines

When you design a website, it's easy to focus on what your visitors are going to see. What you have to realize, though, is that you're going to have another kind of visitor with a completely different agenda: they're not going to be looking at your pretty logo and they're not going to be passing judgment on your background color. What they're looking for is the content and structure of your page. They're the search engine spiders, and they are in control of probably the largest section of your traffic. You need to please these spiders if you want your site to be successful. Here's how. Make Your Structure Clear. Resist the temptation to lay your page out in non-standard ways: you want it to be very clear to the search engine where the navigation is, where the content is, and where the headings are. As a rule, put navigation first in your page. Always use the heading tags (h1, h2, etc.) for headings and sub-headings. Avoid using generic span and div tags and only making things clear to the user through CSS font sizes: instead, use every 'semantic' HTML tag that applies to your content. If you're quoting someone, use the block quote tag; if you're posting program code, use the code tag. Search engines love this. Keep Keywords Consistent. It's not usually worth deliberately saturating your content with keywords in hope of a higher search ranking – the engines have pretty much wised up to this tactic – but do make sure that your keywords appear consistently when they occur naturally. For example, for these articles, I have stuck with 'website' throughout, as suddenly writing 'web site' instead would bring down my rankings. HTML and JavaScript. It's worth noting that search engines read HTML, but they don't, in general, read JavaScript. That means that using JavaScript to insert text into your page is a bad idea if you want search engines to see the text. On the other hand, you might want to have just the text in HTML and insert all the other parts of the page with JavaScript: this will tend to make your page appear more focused, although you should be careful not to insert navigation links this way if you want the search engines to follow them. Use Meta Tags. Yes, Meta tags are out of fashion, and search engines pay no attention to them any more when it comes to ranking your site, but they're still important in one way: the Meta description tag is still often used to decide what text search engines' users see when they find your site in their results! This can be just as important as the ranking itself – write something here that will look useful to the searcher, and you're more likely to get them to click-through. Don't forget that, while search engines are just machines and algorithms, the end result of it all does involve a human decision: to click, or not to click? Avoid Splash Pages. You might think it's a great idea to have a 'splash' page displaying a full-page version of your logo (or an ad) to every user who arrives at your site, but search engines really hate that. Using this trick will get you ranked far lower than you would usually be, so you should avoid it – it's annoying to visitors anyway. Include Alt Tags. Any time you use a graphic, include alt text for it – especially if there is text in the graphic. Remember that, as far as search engines are concerned, all your graphics might as well just be big black boxes. Test by removing all your graphics and seeing if your content remains relatively intact. If it doesn't, then you'll be turning search engines away. Finally, Write Great Content. The key with modern search engines (and, at the same time, the thing you have least control over) is how many people decide to link to your page from their page. How can you make more people link to you? Make your content useful. Make it something they'll want to quote on their blogs. Content is more King than it's ever been, and the best way to design for search engines is to make your content really stand out.

HTML and the word wide web consortium

HTML has progressed significantly since it was first formalized in 1992.After the initial surge of interest in HTML and the SEO London web design, a need arose for a standards organization to set recommended practices to guarantee the open nature of the web. The word wide web Consortium [W3C] was funded in 1994 at the Massachusetts Institute of technology to meet this need. The W3C, led by Tim Berners,sets standards for HTML and proprietary forum for industry and academic representatives to add to the evolution of this new medium. The unenviable goal of the W3C is stay ahead of the development curve in a fast-moving industry. Since item founding, the W3Chas set standards for a markup language that is being changed by the evolution of browsers from competing companies, each trying to claim its share of web users.Browser Chaos As different browsers tried to attach market share, a set of proprietary HTML elements evolved that centered around the use of each particular browser. Some examples of these elements arelt;FONTgt; and lt;CENTERgt;, which were developed specifically for the Netscape browser.lt;FONT> eventually became part of the HTML 3.2 specification, but it has been designated as a deprecated element i HTML 4.0. Deprecated elements are those that the W3C has identified as obsolete and will not be included in future releases of HTML. It is likely, however, that these elements and others like them will be supported browsers for some time. The browser developers would be doing users a disservice [and possibly time. The browser developers world be doing users a disservice [and possibly losing customer share] if they removed support for these elements. Adding to this confusing compatibility issue are the elements that are strictly proprietary, such as lt;MARQUEEgt; [Internet Explorer Only], which creates scrolling text, and lt;BLINKgt; [Netscape Navigator only], which makes text blink on and off. These elements work only within the browser for which they were London web designed and are ignored by other browsers. Using proprietary elements like these defeats the open, portable nature of the web. They are not included i the sure that your audience is using only the browser, for which they were designed, An alternative browser is opera from www.opera software.com Developed in Norway; opera is very popular in Europe. Opera is a fast, lean browser that does not include unnecessary add-ons- a refreshing alternative to the hard drive space demands of nets cape and Internet explorer. If you are developing a site that will have international exposure [it is the Word Wide web, after all], consider adding opera to your set of test browsers. Separating Style from StructureStyle elements such as lt;FONTgt; were introduced by browser developers to help HTML authors bypass the design limitations of HTML. Designers and writers who are accustomed to working with today’s full-featured word processing programs want the same ability to manipulate and position objects precisely on a web page as they have on

Why Should a Website Have Live Help?

In today’s tech savvy world, the Internet is a godsend for many people. They log on to make purchases, payments, do business, and even take classes. And since nothing is infallible, customer support is needed for all aspects of online transactions.So, let’s say that you have a state of the art call center that will allow customers to call in to get help with their online transactions. Most customers want instant gratification, so talking to someone right away while they are in the throes of panic is important to them – although the panic is often self-induced and unfounded. However needy they are, your business (and potential future business) depends upon their happiness. Now, let’s say that your call center has ten support specialists and they are all on the phone, so your eleventh panic stricken customer is on hold (or worse yet – getting a busy signal) and all the time cursing your existence. However what if you had a simple little feature on your web site that says “Live Help?” What if clicking that button put your customer into an instant queue and told them that a customer service representative would be right with them? No hold queue, no busy signal – just a pop-up window that says “You are important to us” and “Someone will be right with you.” Live Help is quickly replacing support call centers.The benefits of Live Help for online businesses far outweigh the costs associated with it. For one, if you use Live Help instead of toll-free telephone lines, you can save the costs of those special lines and for each call that comes in. You already have the cost of computers and Internet obviously because of your online business, so saving a few extra dollars is a good thing.Live Help is also beneficial for sales. What is a potential customer has a question about a product? Wouldn’t it be nice if they could ask it on the spot – like they would in a brick-and-mortar store – and be convinced that it’s a good purchase? Unanswered questions tend to drive consumers to other places where they CAN get answers immediately.Live Help has been known to increase the trust of visitors, if they can get information on the spot. These visitors can become customers and their satisfaction and loyalty can be increased by offering this service. And if they are happy, they can spread the word to other potential customers.Live Help is an easy program to install and maintain and would be worth the investment for future business successes. It operates much like an instant messaging program, which a majority of computer users are already familiar with and comfortable using. In addition to all of the benefits listed here, Live Help shows your customers (and visitors) that you are up-to-date with technological advances and that you care about your customers enough to give them the instant gratification that they need in order to continue their shopping, business work, studies, and research.
– www.livechatgenie.com/ LivehelpGenie is online chat software by which you can decrease your investment and shorten you sales cycle. This is not enough we also provide customer support tool that must help you in converting your website visitors into clients.

Search Engine Optimisation, Google Top Ten and Web Traffic

While high quality content is an important part of search engineoptimisation, SEO, it can and should be used for more. The majority ofinternet users actually read the information that they find online;therefore, there is a good chance for you that your website content willactually be read. You should try and make your website content more easy tounderstand and attractive. It is also important to note that high qualitycontent is likely to attract better advertisements. So make sure thatyour website grabs it all.Well, the design of your website is also important. In fact, it may bejust as important as your content. You want your website to lookprofessional, attractive, and appealing. You will want to go with plain,simple, yet professional. If you need assistance with the design of yourwebsite, you may want to think about hiring the services of aprofessional web designer.A lot of people also try setting up multiple websites that connect toyour main site. And believe me this is actually a very effective way tobuild up your hit count, but only if your site's content makes forexcellent reading or viewing. Without quality content, your site will soonstagnate, and all the other connecting sites and blogs with it. If yoursite has quality content, then this should be no problem for you.And let me tell you that the best way to see an increase of visitors toyour site is to make sure you have a large amount of unique andrelevant content on your site. The search engines like the content thatreaders will find useful and informative. Make sure and try to provide asmuch value and information in your writing as possible and placeeverything you write on a different page of your site. Doing this aids yoursite's popularity and results in it becoming an online "authority"website. This can result in a massive jump in search engine rankings for yoursite. The best part is that search engine traffic is completely free.The visitors in your website themselves is a great source ofadvertising, because once they visit your website they usually recommend theirfriends to visit your website and spreads from there, resulting in highertargeted traffic. For this to happen, your website should also beattention grabbing.Another effective way to invite targeted traffic to your website isbuying advertising space on websites that discuss topics about yourproduct. You can be sure that the people visiting your website are interestedand may possibly buy your product. You can do free advertising foryour website as well. And by doing such you can attract a lot of visitorsfor your website.We all know that website promotion is really important so that one canattract as many visitors as possible.The aim is to use the web traffic statistics to figure out how well andhow popular your site is working for your visitors. One way todetermine this is to find out how long on average your visitors spend on yoursite. If the time spent is relatively brief, it usually indicates anunderlying problem.Finally, if you notice that users have started finding your website bytyping in your company name, all it means is that you have achieved asignificant level of brand recognition, and this is a sure sign of yoursuccess!!!

Important Reasons for Website Development

The advancements in technology have made it mandatory for businesses to have websites. However this is not the only reason for a website; there are several other reasons for one to consider website development. 1. The main reason to consider website development is to create a professional image for your business. This is because it is the website that is designed professionally that is more effective in attracting visitors which in turn may turn out to be new customers for you. Remember that a professional looking website gives a credible and trustworthy impression of your business.2. You have to place importance in creating a website as it is a very important and effective promotional tool. With the right website, you are sure of having some cheap, but effective promotion for your business. 3. A very important factor of website development is that it is much easier and faster for you to update a website than updating of yellow pages or brochures. Moreover, with a website, you are saved of lots of printing expenditure.4. Customers will be looking for information about your business to do business with you. And they can access this information from a well developed website that includes contact information like your phone and fax numbers, special offerings and important information. In fact, with an informative website, your site may be referred by other visitors for specific products or services. 5. Website development helps establish e-commerce and to expand web business. Remember that your single website proves to be effective in generating tons of business for you, through e-commerce.6. It is because the World Wide Web is the greatest virtual marketing source that it has the highest percentage of demographic market. So with effective website development, it is possible to target lots of affluent customers to your site. 7. Remember that the internet is a global medium; so the right website development can help in your business or services reaching an international clientele. In other words, your website is vital in giving your business a global presence.8. Another important reason to consider website development is that the website is available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. This is unlike the timings you have in your business. And if you include the relevant customer support in your website, the round the clock availability of your website can rake in much more clients and customers for your business. Moreover, you have no need of paying anyone overtime for working round the clock with a website!9. By providing your email address in website development, you will be provided important feedback from visitors to your website. This feedback that you receive can be implemented for improvement to not only your website design, but also for improvements to your business.10. And last, but not least, remember that people believe whatever they see. So a web presence with the right website development helps allure visitors to your business, and in the process, creates confidence in your work and expertise. With the right service and product information, you will also be able to get instant orders from visitors to improve your business and promote a better image for yourself.

Blog

A blog (a portmanteau of the term "web log")[1] is a type of website or part of a website. Blogs are usually maintained by an individual with regular entries of commentary, descriptions of events, or other material such as graphics or video. Entries are commonly displayed in reverse-chronological order. "Blog" can also be used as a verb, meaning to maintain or add content to a blog.

Many blogs provide commentary or news on a particular subject; others function as more personal online diaries. A typical blog combines text, images, and links to other blogs, Web pages, and other media related to its topic. The ability of readers to leave comments in an interactive format is an important part of many blogs. Most blogs are primarily textual, although some focus on art (Art blog), photographs (photoblog), videos (Video blogging), music (MP3 blog), and audio (podcasting). Microblogging is another type of blogging, featuring very short posts.

As of December 2007, blog search engine Technorati was tracking more than 112,000,000 blogs.[2]

Good

Hi,
Good morning !!

Categorization of multimedia

Multimedia may be broadly divided into linear and non-linear categories. Linear active content progresses without any navigational control for the viewer such as a cinema presentation. Non-linear content offers user interactivity to control progress as used with a computer game or used in self-paced computer based training. Hypermedia is an example of non-linear content.

Multimedia presentations can be live or recorded. A recorded presentation may allow interactivity via a navigation system. A live multimedia presentation may allow interactivity via an interaction with the presenter or performer.

Multimedia

Multimedia is media and content that uses a combination of different content forms. The term can be used as a noun (a medium with multiple content forms) or as an adjective describing a medium as having multiple content forms. The term is used in contrast to media which only use traditional forms of printed or hand-produced material. Multimedia includes a combination of text, audio, still images, animation, video, and interactivity content forms.

Multimedia is usually recorded and played, displayed or accessed by information content processing devices, such as computerized and electronic devices, but can also be part of a live performance. Multimedia (as an adjective) also describes electronic media devices used to store and experience multimedia content. Multimedia is distinguished from mixed media in fine art; by including audio, for example, it has a broader scope. The term "rich media" is synonymous for interactive multimedia. Hypermedia can be considered one particular multimedia application.

DTP - History

Desktop publishing began in 1985 with the introduction of MacPublisher, the first WYSIWYG layout program, which ran on the original 128K Macintosh computer. (Desktop typesetting, with only limited page makeup facilities, had arrived in 1978–9 with the introduction of TeX, and was extended in the early 1980s by LaTeX.) The DTP market exploded in 1985 with the introduction in January of the Apple LaserWriter printer, and later in July with the introduction of PageMaker software from Aldus which rapidly became the DTP industry standard software.

Before the advent of desktop publishing, the only option available to most persons for producing typed (as opposed to handwritten) documents was a typewriter, which offered only a handful of typefaces (usually fixed-width) and one or two font sizes. The ability to create WYSIWYG page layouts on screen and then print pages at crisp 300 dpi resolution was revolutionary for both the typesetting industry and the personal computer industry. Newspapers and other print publications made the move to DTP-based programs from older layout systems like Atex and other such programs in the early 1980s.

The term "desktop publishing" is attributed to Aldus Corporation founder Paul Brainerd[1], who sought a marketing catch-phrase to describe the small size and relative affordability of this suite of products in contrast to the expensive commercial phototypesetting equipment of the day.

By the standards of today, early desktop publishing was a primitive affair. Users of the PageMaker-LaserWriter-Macintosh 512K system endured frequent software crashes, the Mac's tiny 512 x 342 1-bit black and white screen, the inability to control letter spacing, kerning (the addition or removal of space between individual characters in a piece of typeset text to improve its appearance or alter its fit) and other typographic features, and discrepancies between the screen display and printed output. However, it was a revolutionary combination at the time, and was received with considerable acclaim.

Behind-the-scenes technologies developed by Adobe Systems set the foundation for professional desktop publishing applications. The LaserWriter and LaserWriter Plus printers included high quality, scalable Adobe PostScript-fonts built into their ROM memory. The LaserWriter's PostScript capability allowed publication designers to proof files on a local printer then print the same file at DTP service bureaus using optical resolution 600+ ppi PostScript-printers such as those from Linotronic. Later, the Macintosh II was released which was much more suitable for desktop publishing because of its larger, color screen, support for multiple displays, greater RAM capacity and its SCSI storage interface which allowed fast, high-capacity hard drives to be attached to the system.

Although Macintosh-based systems would continue to dominate the market, in 1986, the GEM-based Ventura Publisher was introduced for MS-DOS computers. While PageMaker's pasteboard metaphor closely simulated the process of creating layouts manually, Ventura Publisher automated the layout process through its use of tags/style sheets and automatically generated indices and other body matter. This made it suitable for manuals and other long-format documents. Desktop publishing moved into the home market in 1986 with Professional Page for the Amiga, Publishing Partner (now PageStream) for the Atari ST, GST's Timeworks Publisher on the PC and Atari ST and Calamus for the Atari TT030. Even for 8-bit computers like the Apple II and Commodore 64 software was published: Home Publisher, The Newsroom and geoPublish.

During these early years, desktop publishing acquired a bad reputation from untrained users who created poorly-organized ransom note effect layouts — criticisms that would be levied again against early web publishers a decade later. However, some were able to realize truly professional results.

Often considered a primary skill, increased accessibility to more user-friendly DTP software has made DTP a secondary skill to art direction, graphic design, multimedia development, marketing communications, administrative careers and advanced high school literacy in thriving economies. DTP skill levels range from what may be learned in a few hours (e.g. learning how to put clip art in a word processor) to what requires a college education and years of experience (e.g. advertising agency positions). The discipline of DTP skills range from technical skills such as prepress production and programming to creative skills such as communication design and graphic image development.

Web Designing

Web design is the skill of creating presentations of content (usually hypertext or hypermedia) that is delivered to an end-user through the World Wide Web, by way of a Web browser or other Web-enabled software like Internet television clients, microblogging clients and RSS readers.

The intent of Web design is to create a website—a collection of electronic documents and applications that reside on a Web server/servers and present content and interactive features/interfaces to the end user in form of Web pages once requested.[citation needed] Such elements as text, bit-mapped images (GIFs, JPEGs) and forms can be placed on the page using HTML/XHTML/XML tags. Displaying more complex media (vector graphics, animations, videos, sounds) requires plug-ins such as Adobe Flash, QuickTime, Java run-time environment, etc. Plug-ins are also embedded into web page by using HTML/XHTML tags.

Improvements in browsers' compliance with W3C standards prompted a widespread acceptance and usage of XHTML/XML in conjunction with Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) to position and manipulate web page elements and objects. Latest standards and proposals aim at leading to browsers' ability to deliver a wide variety of content and accessibility options to the client possibly without employing plug-ins.

Typically Web pages are classified as static or dynamic:

* Static pages don’t change content and layout with every request unless a human (web master/programmer) manually updates the page. A simple HTML page is an example of static content.
* Dynamic pages adapt their content and/or appearance depending on end-user’s input/interaction or changes in the computing environment (user, time, database modifications, etc.) Content can be changed on the client side (end-user's computer) by using client-side scripting languages (JavaScript, JScript, Actionscript, etc.) to alter DOM elements (DHTML). Dynamic content is often compiled on the server utilizing server-side scripting languages (Perl, PHP, ASP, JSP, ColdFusion, etc.). Both approaches are usually used in complex applications.

With growing specialization in the information technology field there is a strong tendency to draw a clear line between web design and Web development.

Web design is a kind of graphic design intended for development and styling of objects of the Internet's information environment to provide them with high-end consumer features and aesthetic qualities. The offered definition separates Web design from web programming, emphasizing the functional features of a web site, as well as positioning web design as a kind of graphic design.[1]

The process of designing web pages, web sites, web applications or multimedia for the Web may utilize multiple disciplines, such as animation, authoring, communication design, corporate identity, graphic design, human-computer interaction, information architecture, interaction design, marketing, photography, search engine optimization and typography.

* Markup languages (such as HTML, XHTML and XML)
* Style sheet languages (such as CSS and XSL)
* Client-side scripting (such as JavaScript)
* Server-side scripting (such as PHP and ASP)
* Database technologies (such as MySQL and PostgreSQL)
* Multimedia technologies (such as Flash and Silverlight)

Web pages and websites can be static pages, or can be programmed to be dynamic pages that automatically adapt content or visual appearance depending on a variety of factors, such as input from the end-user, input from the Webmaster or changes in the computing environment (such as the site's associated database having been modified).

With growing specialization within communication design and information technology fields, there is a strong tendency to draw a clear line between Web design specifically for web pages and Web development for the overall logistics of all web-based services.
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